Preparation of Nitro Compounds and Properties

Preparation of Nitro Compounds Preparation and Properties

From Hydrocarbon :

Aromatic Nitro Compounds :

→ The mixture of conc. HNO₃ + conc. H₂SO₄ is known as nitrating mixture.

Step – I :

Step – II :

Step – III :

H₃O⁺ + HSO₄^– → H₂O + H₂SO₄

→ From Aliphatic Nitro Compounds : Alkane in vapour phase reacts with fuming HNO₃ at 673 K temperature gives a mixture of different nitro alkanes.

From Alkyl Halides :

→ Alkyl bromide or alkyl iodide reacts with AgNO₂ with a1coho forms nitroalkane.

→ This method is not used for preparation of aromatic nitro compound because aromatic compounds are less reactive for nucleophilic substitution.

→ Silver Nitrite (AgNO₂) is a covalent compound hence lone pair of electron present on nitrogen is available for attack. Therefore nitroalkanes are formed as main product.

→ From Aniline : By diazotization of aniline by nitrous acid (NaNO₂ + HCl) a salt is obtained which then react with aqueous sodium nitrite mixed with copper powder to form nitrobenzene.

Chemistry Notes